Laser welding is accomplished by the movement of a focused laser beam along the narrow gap separating two workpieces to be joined. Both workpieces are molten where the focus touches them and the molten bodies merge and finally resolidify after the beam has moved on due to cooling by heat conduction into the bulk of the workpiece, thus forming a solid bridge between the two parts. The main properties of this process are all related to the small focus size and the resulting narrow weld seam, as a small overall heating of the workpiece, that beneficially reduces stress, deformation and the associated faults, but asks for a careful weld seam preparation ensuring a small gap width, that avoids propagation of the beam without touching the two workpieces. The first part of the paper is devoted to welding experiments with a 10 kW-laser welding system with filler wire supply, which resulted e.g. for aluminum in a high welding speed and excellent quality without cracks and with minimum porosity. In a second part a mathematical model of thick section laser welding is described, whereas the latter treatment can be used beneficially to optimize process parameters and predict the respective processing results in terms of speed and quality without time consuming experiments, thus facilitating the adjustment of the welding system to given workpieces.
Experimental and theoretical studies of laser welding
Advances in Automotive and Transportation Technology and Practice for the 21st Century, ISATA, ISATA, 32 ; Materials for energy-efficient vehicles ; 399-407
1999
9 Seiten, 11 Bilder, 2 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Laserstrahlschweißen , Laserstrahlerwärmung , Fokussierung , Schweißverbindung , Abkühlung , Werkstück , Schweißnaht , mechanische Spannung , Deformation , Schweißzusatzwerkstoff , Aluminiumlegierung , Riss , Porosität , mathematisches Modell , Prozessmodell , Schweißgeschwindigkeit , CO2-Laser , Schutzgas , gasförmiger Einschluss
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