Buried pipelines when subjected to differential soil displacement, internal fluid pressure, and axial compression due to fluid temperature, form wrinkles prior to fracture. The compressive strain at the wrinkle onset is presently being used as the maximum allowable strain the pipe should be subjected to during operation. The allowable strains presently used in designing pipelines were derived from the large scale pipe tests conducted at Berkeley for Trans-Alaska Pipeline in 1974. The design limits have been revisited using ABAQUS, a finite element structural simulator. The study concluded that the present design criteria is adequate if inward wrinkle forms, but is too conservative if the wrinkle forms outward. The sensitivity analysis indicated that, from a wrinkle point of view, a thicker pipe wall, or higher yield strength are not recommended. These results are applicable if the pipe moves with the soil (strain driven system). The simulations pointed out that pipelines can fail by depressurization, particularly if, prior to the event, inward wrinkles had formed. In the latter case depressurization considerations can limit the pipe's design. Finally, it was concluded that pipelines should be designed so that if, because of planned or natural events, they are subjected to large bending loads, wrinkles should form in an outward mode.
Revisiting the failure criteria of buried pipelines
Ueberpruefung der Versagenskriterien fuer unterirdische Rohrleitungen
Pipeline Engineering Symp. 1987, Petroleum Div. of the ASME ; PD-6 , Feb ; 143-154
1987
12 Seiten, 15 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 4 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
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