Summary Tyre handling behaviour has long been the subject of many studies. Originally aimed at deriving the tyre performance characteristics, motivation has now moved to more environmentally related tyre properties. Reduction of tyre wear, noise emission, rolling resistance as well as improvement of tyre braking properties require a good understanding of local contact behaviour, which is very much depending on the interaction of vehicle and suspension behaviour with the tyre in relationship with local friction phenomena and road conditions. These local phenomena are poorly understood up to now. Clearly, one could try to find a realistic quantitative description of such phenomena with a detailed tyre model, i.e. including a highly discretised patch model in combination with some physical belt model. But what is the use of such approach if, at least in a qualitative sense, we do not even understand local contact phenomena based on basic analytical models? This paper deals with a theoretical tyre model in which both the belt and the treads are accounted for using a combination of a stretched string and brush elements. Bare stretched string tyre models (i.e. without treads) have been applied extensively as stand-alone model in case of pure slip (mainly out-of-plane) under steady and transient conditions (as for example related to shimmy). Combined braking and cornering has been studied only for the bare tyre model. So far, the extension with tread elements is limited to lateral slip under restrictive conditions. In this paper, the combined brush-string model is treated for an arbitrary combination of combined slip and tyre properties such as carcass stiffness, tread stiffness and relaxation length. The solution of the steady state contact problem is derived using the so-called singular integral approach where the local tyre deflections are described in terms of integrals of shear stress over the contact area using certain kernel functions. It is discussed how this approach can be generalised to any tyre model including FEM, making it a potentially very powerful tool to analyse local contact phenomena. The steady state solution is discussed for various combinations of tyre properties, with emphasis on the impact on local shearforces, local sliding velocities and (belt and tread) deflections in the contact area.
The Local Contact Between Tyre and Road Under Steady State Combined Slip Conditions
Vehicle System Dynamics ; 41 , 1 ; 1-26
2004-01-01
26 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
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