Lenses are among the most used components in optical systems. The functions that lenses perform include the convergence or divergence of light beams, and the formation of virtual or real images. An additional interesting property of lenses is that they can be used for optically performing the two-dimensional Fourier transform.

    In this chapter, a special emphasis is placed on the detailed explanation of the Fourier transformable properties of a lens. A special feature of the optical Fourier transform is that the location of the Fourier transformed image is not influenced by that of the input image. This feature is widely used in optical signal processing. The effect of the finite size of a lens on the quality of the output image is also investigated.


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