Considering the increase in air pollution and depletion of the available fossil fuels there is a need for the implementation of other energy sources for industrial use and automobiles. Hydrogen fuel is considered as the possible solution to act as a new energy source. It is the ideal means for energy storage for automobiles as it leads to zero emissions in case it is used in fuel cells. Unlike electrical vehicles the hydrogen fuel cells offer advantage of fast recharging and at present there are lot of technologies available which can make the hydrogen production easy and economical in future. However, the wide spread of hydrogen is restricted due its storage as the boiling point of hydrogen is 20.4 K at 1 atm. Thus, the storage of hydrogen in liquid form requires higher pressures and cryogenic conditions which consumes external energy. In addition, storing hydrogen in gaseous form is not feasible as it requires higher volumes. Storing hydrogen in the form of metal hydrides requires hydrogen to react with other metals and it can be released whenever required by breaking bond. Thus, metal hydrides have potential to overcome the problems associated with storage and has many advantages such as thermal stability, automobile safety, no fuel losses and long-term storage, etc. However, lower gravimetric storage density is a major issue beside it requires external source for hydrogen release. According to present automobile manufacturing requirement, the ultimate hydrogen storage material should have high gravimetric reversibility preferably greater than 10wt % of hydrogen, high reversibility which should be greater than 1500 cycles. Many metal hydrides with the suitable catalyst or nanoparticles have shown tendency towards satisfying the above conditions. In the present study, thermodynamic and kinetics for every such metal hydride are mathematically analyzed using the equations based on pore size and surface area. By knowing the thermodynamic and kinetic requirements of metal hydride reactions the suitable material for the automobile can be predicted and the technologies required for the proper release of the hydrogen can be suggested.
Analysis of the Potential Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage in Automobile Applications
Energy, Environment, and Sustainability
13.12.2021
32 pages
Aufsatz/Kapitel (Buch)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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