In this paper, the engine out exhaust emissions from a SAAB 9000 CS Turbo vehicle driven with different fuels are studied. The investigated fuels include different Otto engine fuels as well as some petrol components, namely methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, reformate, 25% ethanol in petrol, catalytically cracked spirit, reference petrol, MTBE, ETBE, isomerate, and two types of alkylates. In the tests, the vehicle is driven at constant speed (70 km/h) with gear set at 4th level and warn started. Regulated emissions are measured by a Horiba Mexa 9400D series. High performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), and Airsense 500 mass spectrometer are used to analyse the unregulated compounds, including aldehydes, ketons, alcohols, ethers, aromatics, paraffin and olefins. Fuel consumption is measured by use of a scale and an external tank. In addition the carbon balance method described in directive 93/116/EC is also utilised to calculate the fuel consumption. It is concluded that, in order to evaluate the emission performance of a new type of fuel, a well condition of the vehicle with the fuel is of crucial importance. Care should be taken when 1,3-butadiene is offline analysed through sampling emissions with activated carbon tube. Finally it is suggested that a comparison of fuel efficiency of different fuels should be assessed by taken into account the energy content of the fuel.
Exhaust emission and fuel consumption from otto engine fuels and some petrol components
1999
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
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