The characteristics of ZrO2-type oxygen sensors for closed-loop control of the air-fuel mixture for automotive engines were investigated. New sensors, sensors tested in dynamometers and road vehicles, and lead-poisoned sensors were characterized as to their performance in terms of voltage output, switching response, internal resistance and voltage-λ switching behavior. New sensors behaved as ideal sensors at temperatures above 400°C, and behaved non-ideally at temperatures below 350°C. Sensors subjected to dynamometer and vehicle tests showed a gradual degradation in output voltage and steepness of their voltage-λ switch. Their internal resistances and lean-to-rich switching times increased with use while the rich-to-lean switching times decreased. Self-recovery of a sensor from lead poisoning occurred during subsequent vehicle operation with lead-free fuel.
Characteristics of ZrO2-Type Oxygen Sensors for Automotive Applications
Sae Technical Papers
1979 Automotive Engineering Congress and Exposition ; 1979
01.02.1979
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Static Characteristics of ZrO2 Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensors
SAE Technical Papers | 1993
|Static characteristics of ZrO2 exhaust gas oxygen sensors
Kraftfahrwesen | 1993
|Non-ideal properties of ZrO2 and TiO2 exhaust gas oxygen sensors
Kraftfahrwesen | 1980
|Non–Ideal Properties of ZrO2 and TiO2 Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensors
SAE Technical Papers | 1980
|Gas sensors for automotive applications
British Library Conference Proceedings | 1995
|