The “Low Emission Vehicle” (LEV) standards adopted by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) require that large-volume manufacturers begin selling electric vehicles in 1998 and that over 99% control of hydrocarbon exhaust emissions be achieved on most other vehicles. When the LEV standards were adopted, the CARB staff estimated that prices for gasoline-fueled cars would increase by $70-170 per vehicle. The price premium for electric cars was estimated to be $1,350. However, a review of detailed information supplied by automobile manufacturers and vendors of emissions control equipment indicates that the actual cost of meeting the LEV standards will be much higher.Based on the least expensive systems currently under development by vehicle manufacturers, and assuming costs decline by 5% per year, the average price associated with meeting the LEV standards will be about $1,000 higher than vehicles certified to the 1993 federal standards, not including the effect of the 10% electric vehicle mandate. If the public will not pay the estimated $21,000 premium for electric vehicles, the price of the average California vehicle could increase by an additional $2,100 to subsidize the sales of electric vehicles. The increase in average vehicle prices necessary to offset the price premium for electric vehicles is projected to suppress new vehicle sales, causing hydrocarbon emissions to be higher than without the electric vehicle mandate. If other states require California-certified cars, price increases would be somewhat lower due to economies of scale. Assuming nationwide adoption of the LEV standards, the price increase over 1993 models for gasoline-fueled vehicles is projected to be $775 and the price premium for electric vehicles is estimated at $12,600. With a 10% electric vehicle sales mandate, the price of the average new vehicle would be expected to increase by approximately $2,000.Except for the electric vehicle mandate, the LEV standards might be economically justified in California because of that state's more serious air pollution problems. Outside of California, the LEV standards are projected to result in a cost to society that exceeds the economic benefits by more than a factor of ten.


    Zugriff

    Zugriff prüfen

    Verfügbarkeit in meiner Bibliothek prüfen

    Bestellung bei Subito €


    Exportieren, teilen und zitieren



    Titel :

    Cost Effectiveness of the California Low Emission Vehicle Standards


    Weitere Titelangaben:

    Sae Technical Papers


    Beteiligte:

    Kongress:

    International Congress & Exposition ; 1994



    Erscheinungsdatum :

    1994-03-01




    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch






    Cost Effectiveness of 1985 Automobile Fuel Economy Standards

    Difiglio,C. / Dulta,R. / Duleep,K.G. et al. | Kraftfahrwesen | 1979


    Cost Effectiveness of 1985 Automobile Fuel Economy Standards

    Difiglio, Carmen / Duleep, K. G. / Dulla, Robert | SAE Technical Papers | 1979


    California Vehicle Noise Emission Levels

    R. W. Hendriks | NTIS | 1984