In this article a bottom-up methodology based on in-port ships activity has been applied to calculate exhaust pollutant values (NO x , SO 2 , and PM 2.5 ) during moving/maneuvering and while hoteling for international cruise ship journeys to and from 18 ports of Greece during 2013. The estimated emissions were analyzed in terms of gas species, seasonality, and activity. In terms of the total in-port inventory for cruise shipping, NO x is dominant (2487.9 tons), followed by SO 2 and PM 2.5 (995.3 and 121.3 tons respectively), while the total emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) were 124,767.8 tons CO 2 -eq (for CO 2 , N 2 O, and CH 4 ). Emissions during hoteling corresponded to 89.2% of total, and significantly outweighed those produced during the vessels' maneuvering activities (10.8% of total). Seasonality was found to play a major role, as summer emissions and associated impacts are more profound. In almost all major ports, an extension of the tourism season to October and November has been observed, leading to increased autumn emissions. The estimated inventory indicates the necessity of measures for careful control over the emissions produced by cruise ships in port cities through effective environmental policy making.
Evaluation of cruise ships emissions in the Mediterranean basin: The case of Greek ports
2016
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
Evaluation of cruise ships emissions in the Mediterranean basin: The case of Greek ports
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