Spacecraft operation depends upon knowledge of vehicular position and, consequently, navigational support has been required for all such systems. Technical requirements for different mission trajectories and orbits are addressed with consideration given to the various tradeoffs which may need to be considered. The broad spectrum of spacecraft are considered with emphasis upon those of greater military significance (i.e., near earth orbiting satellites). Technical requirements include, but are not limited to, accuracy; physical characteristics such as weight and volume; support requirements such as electrical power and ground support; and system integrity. Generic navigation suites for spacecraft applications are described. It is shown that operational spacecraft rely primarily upon ground-based tracking and computational centers with little or no navigational function allocated to the vehicle, while technology development efforts have been and continue to be directed primarily toward onboard navigation suites. The military significance of onboard navigators is shown to both improve spacecraft survivability and performance (accuracy).
Spacecraft Navigation Requirements
1995
16 pages
Report
Keine Angabe
Englisch
Unmanned Spacecraft , Manned Spacecraft , Navigation Systems , Earth orbits , Navigation aids , Navigators , Onboard equipment , Space navigation , Spacecraft trajectories , Support systems , Technology assessment , Technology utilization , Ascent trajectories , Reentry trajectories , Spacecraft , Spacecraft performance , Spacecraft survivability , Tradeoffs , Weight (Mass)
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