The mission of the U.S. Army is to fight and win the Nation's wars. Inherent in that mission is the resolve to win the peace after the war. During Operation Iraqi Freedom, Army leadership stated that American soldiers would not police Iraq, but that Iraqis would be responsible for policing themselves and rebuilding their own nation. However, international law and U.S. doctrine state that the U.S. military is responsible for policing, stabilizing, and reconstructing Iraq. Like Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, Operation Iraqi Freedom is likely to be another constabulary and nation-building operation. This monograph analyzes successful U.S. constabulary and nation- building operations and identifies the commonalities among them. These commonalities are then categorized into a contemporary metric of doctrine, organization, training, leader, personnel, facilities, and material (DOTLPFM) and applied to current operations in Iraq to help determine requirements for future constabulary operations. The Pentagon released Pentagon Directive 3000 in November of 2005 directing that stability and nation-building operations are equal to combat operations in importance. The U.S. Army needs a unit that is specifically trained in conducting constabulary and nation-building operations. This unit has must be trained to conduct security operations, establish governance, improve social and economic well-being, and implement judiciary reforms. The constabulary and nation-building operations analyzed are those that followed the U.S. war with Mexico, reconstruction in the South during and after the U.S. Civil War, occupation of the Philippines, the Post-World War II occupation of Germany, and postwar operations in Iraq.


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