Global emissions of CO2, CO, NOx, total VOC, CH4, SO2 and H2O from civil and military aircraft are reviewed. The major contribution of emissions by aircraft stems not from the Landing and Take-Off cycle, to which most national emission estimates are limited, but from the cruise flight. Subsonic aircraft appear to spend roughly about 20% of the fuel consumption in the tropopause or above in the stratosphere. Estimates are presented of value and uncertainty of global emission factors and of the global annual fuel consumption for civil and military air traffic (1990), as well as emission inventories made for the Netherlands (1988) and for Germany (1984). The fuel consumption by aircraft in 1990 is estimated to be about 7.61 EJ or 175 Mton, of which 28% is accounted for as bunker fuel; the share of military aircraft is estimated to be about 21%. The uncertainty range in the emission estimates of NOx, CO and VOC/methane is reported to be of the order of 2. National emission budgets appear to depend considerably on the definition used for accounting 'national' aircraft emissions.
Inventory of Aircraft Emissions: A Review of Recent Literature
1991
130 pages
Report
Keine Angabe
Englisch
Air Pollution & Control , Environmental Studies , Fuels , Air Transportation , Logistics Military Facilities & Supplies , Aircraft , Exhaust emissions , Air pollution sampling , Pollution sources , Emission factors , Fuel consumption , Concentration(Composition) , Forecasting , Air pollution standards , Research and development , Trends , Reviews , Netherlands , Foreign technology , Emission inventories
A Global Inventory of Aircraft NOx Emissions (ANCAT/EC 2)
British Library Conference Proceedings | 1996
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