Since 2000, the U.S. military has been building up forward-deployed forces on the westernmost U.S. territory of Guam to increase U.S. operational presence, deterrence, and power projection for potential responses to crises and disasters, counterterrorism, and contingencies in support of South Korea, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, or elsewhere in Asia. Since 2006, joint exercises based at Guam called Valiant Shield have boosted U.S. military readiness in the Pacific. The defense buildup on Guam has been moderate. China has concerns about Guam s buildup, suspecting it to be directed against China. There has been concern that China and North Korea could target Guam with missiles. The People s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy has increased activities in waters around Guam. Still, Guam s role increased in engaging with the PLA. In 2006, the United States and Japan agreed on a Realignment Roadmap to strengthen their alliance, including a buildup on Guam to cost $10.3 billion, with Japan contributing 60%. Goals were to start the related construction on Guam by 2010 and to complete relocation of about 8,000 marines from Okinawa to Guam by 2014. In Tokyo on February 17, 2009, the Secretary of State signed the bilateral Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Japan Concerning the Implementation of the Relocation of the III Marine Expeditionary Force Personnel and Their Dependents From Okinawa to Guam that reaffirmed the Roadmap of May 1, 2006. However, the marines relocation will not occur by 2014. The original realignment actually would have involved more than moving 8,000 marines to Guam. Japan s dispute over the location on Okinawa of the Futenma Replacement Facility (FRF) to replace the Marine Corps Air Station Futenma raised implications for the relocation of marines from Okinawa to Guam. Nonetheless, despite the dispute over the FRF, Japan has budgeted for its contributions to the marines relocation to Guam.


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    Guam: U.S. Defense Deployments

    S. A. Kan / L. A. Niksch | NTIS | 2008


    Guam: U.S. Defense Deployments

    S. A. Kan / L. A. Niksch | NTIS | 2007


    Guam: U.S. Defense Deployments

    S. A. Kan / L. A. Niksch | NTIS | 2009