This paper explores the extension of an existing 21-compartment lumped-parameter hemodynamic model of the cardiovascular system to incorporate pulmonary function and metabolic gas transport. The existing model allows study of the acute responses of cardiovascular system parameters (pressures, volumes, resistances, heart rate) with and without exercise under a variety of gravitational conditions, including constant gravity as well as scenarios where gravity gradients are artificially induced, such as centrifugation or lower body negative pressure. The extended model can provide additional insight into human physiology in space as well as future development of integrated countermeasures, especially with regards to the identified reduced aerobic capacity risk for future exploration class missions. We propose to enhance the existing model by incorporating pulmonary function, a gas transport model, and a respiratory control system. Thus, the model will be able to generate gravitational dose-response curves for additional parameters such as respiration rate, tidal volume, oxygen uptake, and carbon dioxide output. The modeling effort will follow a six-stage development process using techniques and elements either newly developed or adapted from a broad range of human and animal physiological modeling studies. This paper outlines the motivation for developing such a model, and it includes a thorough literature review of various aspects of pulmonary and metabolic modeling physiology, before describing in detail our approach to building the model. Future work includes completing the development effort and validating our model via human experiments using a tilt platform and a short-radius centrifuge. This research effort will generate acute responses to altered-gravity with and without exercise, providing important insight into the operational risks of altered-gravity on aerobic performance for future exploration class missions as well as the development of integrated countermeasure protocols. Finally, our modeling efforts also have many applications outside the space domain.
Metabolic Modeling in Altered Gravity
2020-03-01
4804838 byte
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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