Target localization based on frequency diverse array (FDA) radar has lately garnered significant research interest. A linear frequency offset (FO) across FDA antennas yields a range–angle-dependent beampattern that allows for the joint estimation of range and direction of arrival. Prior works on the FDA largely focus on the one-dimensional linear array to estimate only azimuth angle and range while ignoring the elevation and Doppler velocity. However, in many applications, the latter two parameters are also essential for target localization. Furthermore, there is also an interest in radar systems that employ fewer measurements in temporal, Doppler, or spatial signal domains. We address these multiple challenges by proposing a coprime L-shaped FDA, wherein coprime FOs are applied across the elements of L-shaped coprime array, and each element transmits at a nonuniform coprime pulse repetition interval (C-Cube). This co-pulsing FDA yields a significantly large number of degrees of freedom (DoFs) for target localization in the range–azimuth–elevation–Doppler domain while also reducing the time on target and the transmit spectral usage. By exploiting these DoFs, we develop a C-Cube autopairing (CCing) algorithm, in which all the parameters are ipso facto paired during a joint estimation. We show that the C-Cube FDA requires at least $2\sqrt{Q+1}-1$ antenna elements and $2\sqrt{Q+1}-1$ pulses to guarantee the perfect recovery of $Q$ targets as against $Q+1$ elements and $Q+1$ pulses required by both the L-shaped uniform linear array and the L-shaped linear FO FDA with uniform pulsing. We derive Cramér–Rao bounds (CRBs) for joint angle–range–Doppler estimation errors for the C-Cube FDA and provide the conditions under which the CRBs exist. Numerical experiments with our CCing algorithm show great performance improvements in parameter recovery, wherein the C-Cube radar achieves at least 15% higher target hit rate with shorter dwell time than its uniform counterparts.
Co-Pulsing FDA Radar
IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems ; 59 , 2 ; 1107-1126
01.04.2023
2969983 byte
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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