A vehicular propulsion system is described that uses a plurality of direct current (DC) motors operatively attached to a common drive shaft or shafts of an electric vehicle (EV) or boat. Each motor is powered separately by direct current from a battery cassette or trays swappably inserted into the chassis of the vehicle. The battery cassettes are secured in racks, with one or more individual battery cassettes connected to each of individual motors. The individual battery cassettes are sized to have a weight suitable so as to be readily swapped out as needed for recharging, maintenance or replacement, enabling vehicle range to be extended en route by exchanging depleted battery cassettes for new batteries whenever needed. Air cooling is enabled by use of the smaller battery cassettes and smaller motor assemblies. The torque of the smaller motors, operating on a common drive shaft, is additive according to a first embodiment in which a set of like motors are supplied. Variable ratio gearboxes are provided in the drivetrain so that motors can be directly coupled to the driven axle. By dividing the batteries among the motor loads and by combining the torques of several smaller motors at the drive shaft, improved range, serviceability and decreased cost are achieved. According to a second embodiment in which a set of unlike motors are supplied, unlike motors having torque curves optimized for different propulsion states are combined so as to improve mileage in a range of real world mixed driving conditions. Series-wound DC motors may be used in combination with brushless direct current (BLDC) motors (operated with Hall-effect positional feedback, encoders, resolvers, H-bridge MOSFETs, field-oriented control or pulse width modulation), shunt-excited motors, or compound-excited DC motors. With both like and unlike DC motors, magnetic coupling of surface, radial or embedded permanent magnets (PM) may be selected to obtain efficiencies greater than obtainable with AC motors, but require no expensive inverter unit.
Direct Current Motor Combinations for Electric Vehicles
2021-05-20
Patent
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
IPC: | H02P CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS , Steuern oder Regeln von elektrischen Motoren, elektrischen Generatoren, dynamoelektrischen Umformern / B60K Anordnung oder Einbau von Antriebseinheiten oder von Kraft- bzw. Drehmomentübertragungen in Fahrzeugen , ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES / H02K Dynamoelektrische Maschinen , DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES |
Direct current motor combinations for electric vehicles
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