Highlights The high BSFC at the idle operation decreases as the BMEP increases. Highest BTE at the mid-BMEP, corresponding to 50% load condition. Total amount of gaseous emissions increases as the BMEP increases. Lowest brake specific gaseous emissions at the mid-BMEP. Test mode including high emission-measured condition provides with low uncertainty.

    Abstract Many investigations on the fuel consumption and the emission characteristics of diesel engines for non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) have been carried out in the various conditions of steady-state and transient operation, and the knowledge obtained from these studies provides substantial information to analyze real operation emissions. Detailed information on the fuel efficiency and the emission under the real operation condition, however, is still needed to provide significant information to develop the advanced after-treatment system as well as to analyse the fuel efficiency and emissions from the NRMM operating real-world conditions. This study aims to investigate the fuel efficiency andthe gaseous emissionsfrom a diesel locomotive.The experiment was carried out with a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS), and studiesthe fuel efficiency,the overall gaseous emissions,the association of gaseous emissions and brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), and the load conditions for the emission measurement.


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    Titel :

    Investigation of real operation gaseous emissions from a diesel locomotive


    Beteiligte:
    Chong, Hwan S. (Autor:in) / Lim, Yunsung (Autor:in) / Lee, Jongtae (Autor:in) / Cho, Seokho (Autor:in) / Park, Duckshin (Autor:in)


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2022-01-01




    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)


    Format :

    Elektronische Ressource


    Sprache :

    Englisch


    Schlagwörter :

    Gaseous emissions , Diesel locomotive , PEMS , BMEP , Speed density method , Brake mean effective pressure , BSFC , Brake-specific fuel consumption , BTE , Brake thermal efficiency , DC , Direct current , DOC , Diesel oxidation catalyst , DPF , Diesel particulate filter , EC , Element carbon , EGR , Exhaust gas recirculation , ISM , In service monitoring , LNT , Lean NOx trap , NIER , National Institute of Environmental Research , NRMM , Non-road mobile machinery , PAH , Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons , Portable Emissions Measurement System , PM , Particulate matter , RDE , Real driving emission , SCR , Selective Catalytic Reduction , THC , Total hydrocarbon , <italic>c</italic> , Pre-condition of combustion in the engine cylinder , <italic>e</italic> , Post-condition of combustion in the engine cylinder (exhaust emission) , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mrow><mfenced><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow> <mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Hydrocarbon fuel in the pre-combustion condition , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mrow><mfenced><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow> <mi>e</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Unburned hydrocarbon emission in the post-combustion condition , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>n</mi> <msub><mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Molar quantity of oxygen , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>n</mi> <msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Molar quantity of carbon dioxide , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>n</mi> <mrow><msub><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> <mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Molar quantity of water , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>n</mi> <mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Molar quantity of carbon monoxide , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>n</mi> <mrow><mi>NO</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Molar quantity of nitrogen oxide , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>n</mi> <mrow><mi>N</mi> <msub><mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Molar quantity of nitrogen dioxide , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>n</mi> <msub><mi>N</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Molar quantity of N<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi> <msub><mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of oxygen , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi> <msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of carbon dioxide , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi> <mrow><msub><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> <mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of water , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi> <mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of carbon monoxide , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi> <mrow><mi>NO</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of nitrogen oxide , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi> <mrow><mi>N</mi> <msub><mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of nitrogen dioxide , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi> <msub><mi>N</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of N<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>m</mi> <mrow><msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of fuel , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi> <mrow><msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Molar mass of fuel , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi> <mi>C</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Mass of solid carbon , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>α</mi> <mi>a</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Volumetric quantity of <italic>a</italic> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>α</mi> <mi>b</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Volumetric quantity of <italic>b</italic> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>N</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub><mi>N</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of nitrogen element from N<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>N</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of nitrogen element from NO gas , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>N</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub><mrow><mi>NO</mi></mrow> <mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of nitrogen element from NO<inf>2</inf> gas , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mrow><mfenced><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>C</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow> <mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of carbon and hydrogen elements from fuel , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>C</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of carbon element from total unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>H</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of hydrogen element from total unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>C</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of carbon element from CO , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>C</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow> <mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of carbon element from CO<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>H</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> <mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of hydrogen element from water vapor , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>C</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of solid carbon element consisting of PM , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>β</mi> <mi>a</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Ratio of the mass flow rate of <italic>a</italic> in the exhaust gas to that of N<inf>2</inf> in the engine , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>γ</mi> <mi>a</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Ratio of the mass flow rate of <italic>a</italic> in the exhaust gas to that of fuel in the engine , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mrow><mfenced><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mi>a</mi></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow> <mi>e</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Mass flow rate of <italic>a</italic> in the exhaust emission , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <msub><mi>N</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Total mass flow rate of N<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mrow><mfenced><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow> <mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Total mass flow rate of fuel , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi> <msub><mi>C</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Total molar mass of carbon element in the unburned hydrocarbons , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mi>y</mi></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Total molar mass of hydrogen element in the unburned hydrocarbons , Total molar mass of carbon , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi> <msub><mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Total molar mass of H<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>NOx</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Total mas flow rate of NOx , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>NO</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Total mas flow rate of NO , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <msub><mrow><mi>NO</mi></mrow> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Total mas flow rate of NO<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>air</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Total mas flow rate of air , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>m</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <msub><mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Total mas flow rate of O<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi> <mrow><mi>air</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Molar mass of air , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi> <msub><mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub></msub></mrow></math> , Molar mass of O<inf>2</inf> , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mover><mi>n</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <mrow><mi>air</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Molar flow rate of air , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>η</mi> <mi>v</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Volumetric efficiency of engine , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi> <mi>M</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Cycle average intake pressure of air entering the engine , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>V</mi> <mi>d</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Engine displacement , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>N</mi> <mi>r</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Engine speed , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></math> , Universal gas constant , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>T</mi> <mrow><mi>in</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , Intake air temperature , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>N</mi> <mi>s</mi></msub></mrow></math> , Number of engine revolutions per air entering the cylinder , <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msub><mi>ρ</mi> <mrow><mi>air</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> , the air density , power , Engine brake power



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