The finite volume method was used to study the characteristic of contaminated aviation fuel with the aim of reducing its flammability and post-impact fire. The flammability levels between pure Jet A-1 and contaminated Jet A-1 are compared using their flashpoints and fire points before and after the introduction of Liquid Nitrogen. Upon heating different mixing ratios (4:1, 3:1, and 2:1), results are analyzed to identify the best volume ratio exhibiting the highest reduction in flammability. Analysis shows that the mixing ratio of 2:1 not only froze but increased the flashpoint of the mixture from (48 ˚C–50 ˚C) to 64 ˚C. For the mixing ratio of 3:1, there was a rise in flashpoint to about 56 ˚C and partial freezing was seen at the topmost surface. At a mixing ratio of 4:1, it was observed that the effect of liquid nitrogen on Jet A-1 was minimal leading to a slight rise in its flash point (50 ˚C). Thus, liquid Nitrogen had a substantial effect on the flammability and flash point of Jet A-1 when mixed in the ratio (2:1) with a freezing time of 30 seconds and an unfreezing time of 17.5 minutes. Hence, Liquid Nitrogen can be used for the flammability reduction of Jet A-1.


    Zugriff

    Download


    Exportieren, teilen und zitieren



    Titel :

    Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effects


    Beteiligte:


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2023




    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)


    Format :

    Elektronische Ressource


    Sprache :

    Unbekannt




    Flammability of kerosene in civil and military aviation

    Sochet, I. / Gillard, P. | Tema Archiv | 2002


    Injection of Supercritical Aviation Kerosene Fuel into Quiescent Atmospheric Environment

    Gao, Wei / Liang, Huo-Sheng / Xu, Quan-Hong et al. | AIAA | 2009


    Effects of dynamic environments on fuel tank flammability

    Nestor, L.J. / Maggitti, L. | Engineering Index Backfile | 1968


    Effects of Dynamic Environments on Fuel Tank Flammability

    Maggitti, L. / Nestor, L. J. | SAE Technical Papers | 1968


    TW A800 Fuel Tank Flammability

    Wyczalek | Online Contents | 1998