In the past decades, various countries around the world have experienced disaster events that required large-scale evacuation. The causes of such events are both natural, such as the occurrence of extreme weather events or earthquakes, and human-made, such as incidents in nuclear power plants, terrorist attacks or war. Thus, although there is experience in the field of large-scale evacuations, planning and implementation are often inadequate, especially with regard to the use of public transport. This work is intended to close existing gaps and overall improve the planning. However, since the road network in Germany, especially in the metropolitan area of North Rhine-Westphalia, offers little capacity, the attention of this thesis is focused on the means of railway transport, which offers a road-independent network and has therefore great potential in this field. In a direction-independent event, the railway network is mainly determined by the capacity of the train stations. Therefore, in this thesis, the pedestrian dynamics inside a train station is investigated in order to evaluate and increase its capacity in the case of increased passenger volumes. The results are thus not only applicable to the planning of large-scale evacuations, but can also be used, for example, for the transport planning of major events. In particular, a methodology is presented which, in a first step, enables the identification of critical bottlenecks in the station system under consideration by means of simulation studies. Based on this, in a further step, simulation studies will be presented that examine the targeted use of various crowd management measures to reduce the bottlenecks and thus increase the overall capacity of the system while ensuring the safety of all persons. In a final step, the influence of varying different system components, such as the width of staircases or the length of access routes, is investigated. The results can be applied in the planning of new buildings or building conversions, but also in the planning of measures for large-scale events with a huge amount of passengers.
Crowd Management at Train Stations in Case of Large-Scale Emergency Events
01.01.2023
120 pages
Dissertation, University of Wuppertal, 2023; Jülich : Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag, Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich IAS Series 54, 120 pp. (2023). = Dissertation, University of Wuppertal, 2023
Sonstige
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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