In this work, the effects of adaptivity and discretization order are studied on the solutions of a two-dimensional multielement high-lift airfoil test case. The flow in this test case is simulated by the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and the Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model. Numerical flow solutions are obtained using both stabilized continuous Galerkin and discontinuous Galerkin finite element frameworks. For both discretizations, a series of increasingly refined adapted meshes are generated using the metric optimization via error sampling and synthesis algorithm. The convergence of aerodynamic coefficients, surface pressure, and skin friction on these meshes is studied in order to evaluate the accuracy and cost of the solution. This study is done for several discretization orders, as well as for both linear and curved meshes. In addition, the characteristics of the adapted meshes for different discretization orders are investigated at a prescribed error level. This analysis provides insight into how the discretization order affects the mesh, along with the resulting solution accuracy and cost. The conclusions of this study indicate that higher-order methods (in particular, the and continuous Galerkin variational multiscale with discontinuous subscales discretizations) provide accurate outputs with an order of magnitude less computational time than methods.
Output-Based Adaptive Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes Higher-Order Finite Element Solutions on a Multielement Airfoil
AIAA Journal ; 1-14
2021-03-26
14 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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