This work addresses highly automated driving, where the Auto-Pilot is in charge of the longitudinal and lateral control of the vehicle, while the driver is allowed to engage in side tasks. Being distracted he probably needs more time to react to a take-over signal. The question is, how we can modulate the shift in this reaction time to ensure that the driver is back when he is needed by the automated system. We report a multi-modal comparison of take-over strategies and explain the driver's behavior during unexpected transitions between autonomous and manual driving. Three take-over strategies, using a single modality with two various intensities, were applied and tested in three simulator studies. We report how the driver's reactions varied between an acoustical (speech), haptic (seat vibration) and an optical (LED bar) take-over signal compared to a baseline (gong). Moreover we tested the effect of age. It was found that the seat vibration is the only modality, which leads to an orientation reaction time as fast as the baseline. Otherwise the haptic and the optical modality leads to higher percentage of missed take-overs. In addition elderly people need more time to stop the side task and to touch the control devices.
"Bitte übernehmen Sie das Fahren!" Ein multimodaler Vergleich von Übernahmestrategien
2015
24 Seiten, Bilder, 22 Quellen
Conference paper
German
Bitte uebernehmen Sie das Fahren! - ein multimodaler Vergleich von Uebernahmestrategien
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