The potential of PHEVs (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles) to reduce petroleum consumption and CO2 emissions was evaluated using current pricing and environmental data for gasoline and electricity. Compared to a conventionally powered gasoline vehicle, it is estimated that a PHEV-20 can reduce the annual petroleum consumption by over 50 % and the average cost of driving fuel by over 45%. If the initial premium is dollars 7000 and the batteries are estimated to last 15 years at 13,900 miles per year, the IRR of a PHEV-20 for a consumer would be 7.5%. If the batteries require replacement, the savings in operation expenditures accrued by the PHEV are estimated to approximately breakeven with its additional capital expenditures. From the electric utility perspective, the deployment of PHEVs would increase the utilization of existing infrastructure by improving the load profile if the charging of the vehicles is restricted to off-peak periods. Thus, no additional transmission and distribution infrastructure would be required. Because of their minimal impact on the load duration curve of the electric power system, it is estimated that no additional generation facilities are required due to the deployment of the PHEVs. Although the charging of the PHEVs would increase an electric utility's CO2 emissions, the net carbon emissions for the combined electric utility and transportation industry would decrease due to the vehicular emissions being reduced by a greater amount. The net amount of annual CO2 emissions avoided by 250,000 PHEVs ranged between 180,000 and 235,000 tons for the off-peak scenarios. The exact size of the reduction will depend on the types of generating facilities present in the particular service territory and the charging method used by the electric utility. In summary, if their charging is limited to off-peak hours, PHEVs can do the following: 1. Reduce the amount of petroleum consumed by the transportation sector; 2. Reduce the cost of driving; 3. Reduce CO2 emissions; and 4. Improve the load profile of electric utilities.
Potential benefits of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles for consumers and electric power utilities
Potenzielle Vorteile von Plug-in-Hybridelektrofahrzeugen für den Verbraucher und die Elektroenergieversorgung
Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Energy Resources Technology ; 133 , 3 ; 031001/1-031001/6
2011
6 Seiten, 8 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 18 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
Plug‐in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
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