When natural disaster occurs, rural communities are at high risk and are difficult to evacuate in a timely manner due to larger geographical areas, low population densities, and limited resources such as alternate modes of transportation, food, fuel, lodging, and medical facilities. Moreover, approximately 40% of transit‐dependent people live in rural areas. Citizens with private vehicles may evacuate natural disaster‐affected areas in a timely manner, but many vulnerable and public transportation‐dependent rural residents remain left behind. Typically, emergency management agencies (EMAs) such as police, fire, and emergency medical services—the first responders to an incident—take the lead in an evacuation. However, public transportation can perform multiple roles in evacuation and can be a successful partner in the four tasks of emergency management planning: (i) mitigation, (ii) preparedness, (iii) response, and (iv) recovery. This chapter focuses on what role public transportation systems play, how adequately transit systems are prepared, and what challenges and issues may arise in the event of an emergency/evacuation. These questions are answered through a literature review, a survey conducted by the Western Transportation Institute (WTI), and case studies of the rural evacuation operations of the Greater Sacramento region's rural area and Hurricane Sandy.
Rural Evacuation and Public Transportation
Securing Transportation Systems ; 363-376
2015-06-30
14 pages
Aufsatz/Kapitel (Buch)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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