The main difference between conventional and electric vehicles is between the drive system and the enrgy storage. Especially the batteries play an important role within the life cycle assessment of electric vehicles. Based on the work of the authors within the 'Rügen' project, full energy and mass flow analyses were derived for the production, supply, and recycling of four types of batteries: lead/acid, NI/Cd, Na/NiCl2, and Na/S. The assessments were made in accordance with the present state of the discussion concerning the standardization of life cycle assessments (ISO/DIS 14040) ('from cradle to grave', e.g.)and considering the following impact categories: Resource demand, greenhouse effect, ozone depletion, acidification, eutrophication, human and eco toxicity, and photosmog. The authors' approaches to solve methodological problems are discussed and the most important results of the energy and material flow analyses of battery life cycles are presented.
Energy and mass flow analyses of batteries used in electric vehicles
Energie- und Stoffbilanz von Elektrofahrzeugbatterien
1997
8 Seiten, 2 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 11 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Energy and Mass Flow Analyses of Batteries Used in Electric Vehicles
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