Average speed and average positive acceleration were used as integrated kinematic parameters to describe driving behaviour, and to analyse their influence on pollutant emissions. Average emissions were calculated as a function of these parameters and using an instantaneous emission model for the various categories of vehicles. For all types of vehicle, a strong influence of average speed on emissions is observed. The influence of acceleration is much less marked, and is much lower than the influence observed at a microscopic level (i.e. when considering instantaneous values). Three-way catalyst (TWC) vehicles show the highest dependence on acceleration: pollutant emissions can increase by about 10 % to 30 % when the average acceleration increases. For diesel and conventional vehicles, pollutant emissions increase slightly, by about 5 % to 7 %, when the acceleration increases from 0.3 mIs2 to 0.7 mIs2. The whole French car fleet would record emissions increases of 4 % to 6 % (except NO(X)) for an acceleration increase from 0.3 mIs2 to 0.5 mIs2, and increases of about 7 % to 9 % for an acceleration increase up to 0.7 mIs2. Although these acceleration variations are relatively important as regards the global range of observed variations, the incidence on emissions is low, showing that the potential emission reduction through the improvement of traffic conditions could be relatively low. The higher dependency on acceleration of the TWC vehicles indicates that these vehicles could be more affected by traffic perturbations.
Relative influence of acceleration and speed on emissions under actual driving conditions
International Journal of Vehicle Design ; 18 , 3/4 ; 340-353
1997
14 Seiten, 6 Bilder, 7 Tabellen, 3 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
Relative influence of acceleration and speed on emissions under actual driving conditions
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