Reverse osmosis plants for producing potable water operate at pressures 900 to 1000 psig with feedwater temperatures ranging 64 to 90 F. Water sources are from beach wells for most small units to open sea intakes for the larger capac ity ones. A number are built with energy recovery modules designed to reuse 25 to 35 % of the electrical power. Installation costs range from US Dollar 4 to 8 per gpd (US Dollar 1000 to 2000 m3/d) with operational costs of US Dollar 6 to 15 per 1000 gals (US Dollar 1.50 to 4.00/m3). The RO plants have provided an excellent, reliable supply of drinking water. Today a number of these localities are faced with the need to expand their potable water supplies to meet growing population and tourist demands. The world's economies, however, have placed severe restrictions on the availability of money to finance the resolution of these needs. This paper discusses a technical and commercial approach to an inexpensive capacity increase for excisting RO plants. The technology involves the marriage of two systems which have had, individually, years of market place demonstration. Technically the brine effluent from an existing RO plant is pressure upgraded to 1200 psig. Additional permeate is extracted in this high pressure membrane array resulting in overall plant recoveries that approach 60 %. Energy consumption on a unit permeate basis can be significantlyx reduced. Production of WHO quality water is possible. Capital and operating costs are less than new plant capacity.
Low cost incremental seawater plant capacity increase by coupling advanced pumping and RO technologies
Preiswerte, zusätzliche Erhöhung der Kapazität einer Entsalzungsanlage durch Kombination von verbessertem Pumpensystem und Umkehrosmose
Desalination ; 102 , 1-3 ; 189-197
1995
9 Seiten, 6 Bilder, 3 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
Advanced and conventional pumping technologies for power stations
Online Contents | 2004
|Advanced and conventional technologies in power station pumping systems
Online Contents | 2004
Advanced and conventional technologies in power station pumping systems
Online Contents | 2004
|