Electric vehicles (EVs) have a very different interior sound characteristic to traditional internal combustion-engined vehicles when accelerating. This paper sets out to answer some of the questions commonly posed when considering the interior noise analysis of an EV: are traditional troubleshooting techniques still useful? Is structure-borne noise still an issue? Transfer path analysis (TPA) and airborne source quantification (ASQ) techniques are applied to an example EV to investigate these questions for a particular case. Firstly, an overview of the differences in typical acceleration noise characteristics between an EV and an ICE vehicle is given. The TPA carried out focuses on the three powertrain mounts as being the likely main transmission paths for structure-borne traction motor or gear noise. The matrix inversion method was used to determine the forces going into the body through these mounts. The frequency range up to 2 kHz was considered. To investigate the airborne contributions, an ASQ (airborne source quantification) analysis was also carried out using the matrix inversion technique to determine equivalent sound sources on the motor and gearbox exterior surfaces. Measurements here were made up to 8 kHz. In both analyses, target microphones at driver/passenger ear positions were used. The results from the TPA and the ASQ give an indication of the structure-borne / airborne split for different noise phenomena together with an indication for the structure-borne noise of which paths are important and for the airborne noise which radiating surfaces on the motor and gearbox are important. The reasons for the path sensitivities can also be seen - for example high forcing/source levels or high body sensitivity. In conclusion, although the main issues with EV acceleration noise are airborne motor order related whines (as would be expected), the results obtained demonstrate that low frequency structure-borne noise (below 1 kHz) is still an important consideration during high load pull-away when the electric motor is rotating slowly. The frequency ranges of interest for an EV pose a challenge for traditional troubleshooting methods, but they can still be usefully applied.
The application of transfer path analysis and airborne source quantification techniques to electric vehicle acceleration noise
2013
11 Seiten, Bilder, 5 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
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