Since the very beginning of providing fuel metering equipment for Diesel combustion engines, injection pressure is one key enabler for mixture preparation and spray performance. A second important enabler is the injection pattern, fulfilling the task to bring the fuel into the combustion chamber in the right time, with the right quality and to the right place. This paper deals with the role of injection pressure and patterns for Diesel combustion engines fulfilling upcoming ultimate requirements for developed markets. Future requirements on propulsion coming from the overall market trends especially on emission and CO2 by means of fuel consumption are discussed. As the key technology for internal combustion engines direct fuel injection in Diesel plays a major role gaining the challenging development targets like power output, gasoline noise level, lowest emission and benchmark fuel consumption at an attractive cost level. This trend is already established in Western Europe and North America followed by the Asia market and will be rolled out in the next upcoming decade. Diving deeper in the DI technologies one obtains the injection pressure as main key performance indicator. Looking at Diesel the energy cascade which starts from pressure via spray momentum to spray penetration and ends up in a vapour liquid multi phase fluid which is burned in the combustion chamber in order to realize best combustion results defines the core of injection technology. Some multidimensional optimization of contradictionary targets is discussed and results are shown. Consequences on the system and component layout follow to deliver high pressure injection technology in a most efficient way. In the late nineties Common Rail injection technology started and with that the degree of freedom in terms of multiple injection capability enhanced continuously. Starting with the pilot injection to avoid Diesel hammering noise style, multiple pilot and post injections where later used to optimize noise, raw emission and control regeneration of particulate filter systems. Today's state of the art Digital Rate Shaping (DRS) strategy uses very small distances between relatively high pilot quantities coupled to the main injection. This strategy is now further optimized in the so called DRS2nd Gen approach which leads to amazing tradeoffs in noise vs. soot/NOx levels. Quantity accuracy itself and the hydraulic dwell times between the injection events become even more important than before. Therefore embedded control loops of the fuel injectors seem to be very attractive. Solutions for solenoid- and of course also piezo-driven injection systems are discussed. A brief summary on the BOSCH way to fullfill the market needs with its sophisticated modular common rail system product strategy closes the paper.


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