A dynamic finite element model is developed for the crossing part of a turnout. Using this model, the heavy haul case is investigated and compared to a regular axle load. The model calculates the impact of the wheel on the crossing nose (facing move) or the wing rail (trailing move), leading to dynamic contact forces which cause high stress levels and, depending on the material, plastic deformation. The results also show that high stresses are reached in the crossing nose in cases with moderate dynamic contact forces. During the trailing move, where the impact occurs on the wing rail, the highest stresses are calculated in the crossing nose, anyway. It is shown that the vertical contact forces during the impact of the wheel on the crossing nose generally increase with higher running velocities of the train. For the heavy haul case, this effect is more distinctive than for the low axle load. The forces, however, increase by less than 20% in the investigated velocity range. By evaluating the von Mises stress levels in the crossing parts through an elastic calculation, a prediction whether or not the crossing will plastically deform can be made. It is shown that for the very soft manganese steel, the crossing plastically deforms in all investigated cases of velocities and axle loads. For hard marage steel, it is shown that for the high axle load there is some plastic deformation whereas for the low axle load very little (only in the facing move and at 120.7 km/h) or no plastic deformation is observed. Hard materials such as marage steel crossings can show some advantages at higher loads when certain amounts of plastic deformation can take place. This plastic adaption of the crossing can reduce the contact stresses and thus the driving force for wear and rolling contact fatigue. The plastic adaption of marage steel is much less distinctive in applications with low axle load.
A wheel passing a crossing nose: Dynamic analysis under high axle loads using finite element modelling
2012
9 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 12 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
dynamisches Verhalten , Finite-Elemente-Methode , achslastabhängige Kraftverteilung , Schwerlastfahrzeug , Schwertransport , Simulationsmodell , Kontaktermüdung , Kontaktfläche , Schiene (Gleis) , Eisenbahnschiene , Güterverkehr , elastische Verformung , plastische Verformung , Manganstahl , Maraging-Stahl , Vergleichsuntersuchung , Versuchsergebnis
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