A new method for nondestructive testing of railroad wheels using natural vibrations that are excited by a hammer impact is proposed. The method is based on the effect of the generation of the dominant frequencies of natural vibrations in the presence of cracks. A physical substantiation of the method and the results of experimental studies are presented. The place of the proposed method in the general system of nondestructive testing of railroad wheels is determined. In addition, methods for nondestructive testing based on using natural vibration frequencies are briefly reviewed. A drawback of the proposed method is attributed to its relatively low sensitivity: cracks less than 20 mm in size that are clearly detected by the ultrasonic method under the conditions of a depot cannot be revealed by this method. In addition, there are grounds to assume that not all cracks in the wheel are identified. The advantages of the method are attributed to simplicity and efficiency of testing that stays within the existing system of wheel testing by the inspectors during train stoppages at stations. For this method to be implemented, special equipment should be developed, namely a multichannel meter of natural vibration frequencies with automated processing of the obtained data. The nondestructive testing of one wheel will then take no more than 1 minute. The experimental studies showed that the sensitivity of the method does not depend on the car's loading. The method proved to be efficient both for testing single wheels and wheels under platforms loaded with gravel. An important advantage of this method is attributed to its reliability (if a wheel is rejected by this technique, a mistake is very unlikely). The experimental implementation of this proximate testing method shows that the development of this approach to the problem of nondestructive testing of wheels is rather challenging and it is necessary to continue the acquisition of statistical data.
A method for proximate testing of railroad wheels
Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing ; 48 , 6 ; 340-345
2012
6 Seiten, 4 Bilder, 12 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
Rissprüfung , dynamisches Messverfahren , Eisenbahnrad , Schwingungsanregung , Eigenschwingung , Vibrationshammer , Schwingungsverhalten , Schwingungsfrequenz , Nachweisempfindlichkeit , Applikationsentwicklung , halbautomatisches System , Messergebnis , Bewertung , Zuverlässigkeit , angewandte Forschung , Messgerät
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