The challenges in powertrain development have increased substantially. Apart from new requirements in terms of emission certification, which imply a strong weighting of zero-emission driving, changing customer requirements and social trends demand new powertrain concepts. The promising approach of electrification provides on the one hand numerous options to meet these requirements (lower CO2 emission, electric range, fun-to-drive, etc.). On the other hand, the increasing number of system components and their strong interaction complicate the development of powertrains massively. The conventional approach of a mostly independent development of the different vehicle components is not possible any more. The consistent use of simulation in all phases of the development cycle enables the integrated development of single components in a complete powertrain and vehicle context. Already in early phases of the development cycle, such as concept evaluation, the powertrain as a whole must be analyzed. Aside from the dimensions of hardware components (combustion engine, electric engine, battery, etc.) this already concerns operating strategy functions and their parameterization. CO2 emission, energy demands or electric range could only be determined considering the whole system. The present paper introduces an approach for concept evaluation using reverse simulation in combination with an evolutionary optimization algorithm to detect the ideal combination between hardware and software parameters and to create a common base for concept comparisons. Having identified significant hardware and software parameters with reverse simulation, the modelling of the physical powertrain behaviour in forward simulation is the next step in the following development phases. The results of the reverse simulation thereby provide the initial parameterization. The application of forward powertrain models in a vehicle simulation environment allows - in combination with driver, road and vehicle models - real world maneuver based testing. The use of X-in-the-loop approaches also enables hardware tests and operating strategy development in early development phases without having the entire powertrain on the testbed. In addition reproducibility of tests and component conditions gain in importance especially in terms of hybrid powertrain development (e. g. battery state of charge and battery health). As mentioned before, strong interactions of system components and parameters demand the consideration of the powertrain as a whole and the use of systematic optimization approaches to meet all requirements. The paper introduces the application of model-based optimization of operating strategy parameters on engine testbeds, taking contrary targets (efficiency, durability, emissions) into account. All approaches are demonstrated on different specific applications.
Hybridisation in view of certification, customer requirements and technical effort - approaches for a systematic powertrain optimization
2010
21 Seiten, 16 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 8 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Datenträger
Englisch
Antriebsstrang , Hybridantrieb , Optimierungsverfahren , numerische Simulation , Komponentenentwicklung , Systementwurf , Verbrennungsmotor , Elektromotor , Kraftfahrzeugbatterie , Dimensionierung , Kohlendioxidemission , Energiebedarf , Fahrbereich , Elektroantrieb , Reverse-Engineering , Simulation , Optimierungsalgorithmus , Hardware , Software , mathematisches Modell , Fahrzeugführer , Straße (Verkehr) , Kraftfahrzeug , Hardware-in-the-Loop-Simulation , Betriebsverhalten
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