In this study, we present a refined model for calculating the costs of lithium-ion batteries supporting electric drive in light duty passenger vehicles (LDVs). The model calculates the annual materials requirements from design criteria for the battery pack including power, capacity, number of cells, and cell chemistry parameters. The costs of capital equipment, plant area and labor for each step in the manufacturing process were estimated for a baseline plant. These costs are adjusted for each battery pack studied by comparing the processing rate pertinent for each step (area to be coated, number of cells to be tested, etc.) with that of the baseline process and applying correction factors. We applied the cost modeling method to batteries with five lithium-ion cell chemistries; for three significantly different levels of power, for several levels of energy storage, within four major electric drive options (HEV, PHEV, E-REV, and EV) simulated to power an advanced "low load" mid-size U.S. passenger car body. E-REVs and the EV battery packs require significant 10 second peak power pulses from 148-158 kW to achieve 32 to 160 km of reliable all electric operation. For the PHEVs a maximum of 62 kW is estimated to be required, and achievement of only limited all electric operations capability is accepted. Two HEV power levels are examined: 25 kW peak for 2 seconds; 52 kW peak for 10 seconds. The cost, volume, and mass implications of the power levels modeled are analyzed and discussed. Although many factors beyond the scope of the model will be important in selecting among the chemistries examined, there are some significant differences in estimated costs. Two of the five chemistries are found to have attributes making them relatively unsuitable for high power-to-energy ratio battery packs for HEVs. However, these chemistries do appear competitive with the other three for plug-in electric drive options. Among the chemistries examined, the lithium manganese spinel / graphite chemistry is consistently estimated to be the least expensive and often the smallest in weight and volume.


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    Titel :

    Modeling of manufacturing costs of lithium-ion batteries for HEVs, PHEVs, and EVs


    Beteiligte:


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2010


    Format / Umfang :

    9 Seiten, 5 Bilder, 4 Tabellen, 13 Quellen


    Anmerkungen:

    (nicht paginiert)


    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Datenträger


    Sprache :

    Englisch




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