Child restraint systems (CRS) for vehicles are designed to provide specialized protection for child occupants in the event of a crash. The effectiveness of these restraint systems is influenced by many variables including the way that children are positioned in their CRS. This study used a naturalistic, observational approach to examine how children are restrained and seated in their restraint systems, including booster seats, while travelling in a car. Children's out-of-position status was judged as out of the protective zone provided by the CRS structure or otherwise away from the optimal/preferred location within the CRS or vehicle restraint system. Families with children aged between 1 and 8 years drove an instrumented 'study vehicle' on their regular trips for 3 weeks. A discrete video recording system in the vehicle provided images of the driver and front seat passenger, the rear seat child passengers and the traffic ahead. Video-recordings were analysed for 92 trips undertaken by 12 families including 25 children and 19 drivers. The mean trip duration was approximately 19 minutes (SD = 30 min), with the duration ranging from approximately 2 minutes to 3.6 hours. Most trips were undertaken with the mother driving (65 %) and without a front seat passenger (65 %). Trips were predominantly undertaken in urban areas (96 %), on suburban roads/streets (93 %), and under low complexity traffic conditions (92 %). At least one out-of-position event was observed on all (100 %) of the 92 trips. On average, children were out-of-position approximately 70 % of the journey time. These findings have important implications for children's protection in crashes as arguably their out-of-position status results in sub-optimal restraint and can reduce or nullify the safety benefits of CRS.


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    Titel :

    How do children really behave in restraint systems while travelling in cars?


    Weitere Titelangaben:

    Wie verhalten sich Kinder wirklich in Kindersitzen während der Autofahrt ?


    Beteiligte:


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2010


    Format / Umfang :

    11 Seiten, 5 Bilder, 4 Tabellen, 17 Quellen


    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch




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    U.S.Dep.of Transp.,US | Kraftfahrwesen | 1978


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    Langwieder,K. / Hummel,T. / Felsch,B. et al. | Kraftfahrwesen | 1990


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    Cichowski, W.G. / Silver, J.N. | Engineering Index Backfile | 1968