This paper examines the influence of modelling of tyre deformation and tyre contact patch on the CFD predictions of aerodynamic forces on passenger cars. Steady-state simulations of constant speed on a straight road on two simplified Volvo models are considered. Through mesh morphing, originally undeformed tyre geometries are deformed according to load and speed deflection measured on a real tyre during tests on a wind tunnel fitted with moving ground facilities. It is shown that modelled tyre deflection has limited effect on drag, influencing mainly the lift. Influence on the flow is locally restricted to a region around the wheel. The study on different contact patch shapes showed that the length in the streamwise direction particularly affects the wheel-wake close to the ground, altering the wake side tread pressure. Due to typical ground clearance on passenger cars, under body flow is hardly affected. Lift is observed to significantly depend on the area of tyre contact patch. In addition to these, a study on different numerical boundary condition formulations for the wheels was investigated. A practical MRF region is proposed for the modelling of rotation of the spokes to ensure that steady-state flow simulations capture, as realistically as possible, the wheel rotation.
Investigation of the influence of tyre deflection and tyre contact patch on CFD predictions of aerodynamic forces on a passenger car
Untersuchung des Einflusses von Reifenverformung und Reifenkontaktfläche auf die CFD-Prognose der aerodynamischen Kraäfte bei einem Personenkraftwagen
2008
12 Seiten, 13 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 9 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
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