The objective of this study was to develop a simulation method using an FE human model, with muscles in the lower extremities, that reflects the measured activations of prime muscle movers in the legs, resulting from the pedestrian's muscle reflex motions during a low-speed collision between a car and a pedestrian. In order to achieve this goal, the MVC MES data of the muscles in the lower extremities of the participating subjects were measured during the isometric exercise for the normalisation of the temporal MES data measured in Section 3. Then, the normalised temporal MES signals of each muscle and the sequence of muscle activations during the low-speed impact tests between the car bumper and subjects were utilised as the input parameters for the simulations performed at impact velocities of 2.88 km/hour, 5 km/hour and 10 km/hour. When the impact acceleration, at the medial knee, predicted from the simulation result, at the impact velocity of 2.88 km/hour, was compared to that from the experimental tests, there was a good agreement. Overall, the effects of involuntary muscle activations in the lower extremitis of pedestrians on the prediction of the injury value and mechanism could be included in the analysis, particularly for a low-speed collision of less than the impact velocity of 10 km/hour. In this study, a specific posture with 33 deg and 17 deg right and left knee angles under foot-flat condition was investigated. However, there were various impact situations between a car and pedestrian. As a result, a specific impact condition cannot cover the knowledge for the pedestrian impact. In the compliance of EEVC for the pedestrian impact, it is stated that a bumper is impacted by the lower leg impactor. This represents that a bumper impacts on the lateral knee of the pedestrians leg. That is a reason that the mid-stance during gait of pedestrians was selected in this study. However, the posture selected in this study cannot be generalised to understand the impact effects of other humans postures. Therefore, future studies for out of positions from the mid-stance of gait should be performed for specific purposes of investigation.


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    Titel :

    The effect of lower limb muscle contractions on the impact acceleration behaviour of medial knee in low-speed pedestrian impact


    Weitere Titelangaben:

    Einfluss der Muskelkontraktion unterer Körperglieder auf die aufprallbedingte Reaktion des medialen Knies beim Fußgänger-Aufprall und geringen Aufprallgeschwindigkeiten


    Beteiligte:
    Hong, Junghwa (Autor:in) / Min, Sung-Ki (Autor:in)

    Erschienen in:

    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2009


    Format / Umfang :

    15 Seiten, 7 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 16 Quellen




    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch