Despite the decrease in road traffic emissions air pollutant concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulates and ozone (O3) often exceed the limiting values at urban sites in Switzerland. The research project 'GPS based dynamic monitoring of air pollutants in the city of Zürich, Switzerland' aimed at improving the understanding of the interaction between road traffic emissions and urban air quality. A tram has been equipped with air pollutant (NO/NO2, O3 and particulates) and satellite positioning (GPS) sensors. Two measurement campaigns were conducted in 2005-2006 in the city of Zürich, Switzerland on three different tram tracks. They represent the various characteristics of an urban environment, such as busy places and parts of the city without private road traffic. In this paper we show the feasibility of dynamic and real-time measurements and their limitations. We present techniques developed to provide precise and reliable positioning information in an urban environment and discuss the approach used to post-process the raw measurement data. We show that a single measurement system on a dynamic platform provides ambient air concentration measurements with a high temporal and spatial resolution and coverage. Results from a photochemical smog period in summer 2005 and a smog period in winter 2006 are being presented and discussed in comparison with modelling results. A dispersion modelling study using the NEMO, GRAMM and GRAL models of the Graz University of Technology was carried out for a 3 x 3 km2 area in Zürich down town. NEMO was used to calculate the traffic exhaust emissions on the road network. GRAMM is a nonhydrostatic prognostic mesoscale wind field model used to calculate steady-state flow fields, which served as input to the Lagrangian dispersion model GRAL. We will present results and discuss the comparison of the measurements with the results from the dispersion simulations.


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    Titel :

    GPS based dynamic monitoring of air pollutants in Zürich (Switzerland) and comparison with the model GRAL


    Beteiligte:
    Kehl, Philippe (Autor:in) / Staehelin, Johannes (Autor:in) / Kahle, Hans-Gert (Autor:in) / Geiger, Alain (Autor:in) / Oettl, Dietmar (Autor:in) / Vogelsang, Silvia (Autor:in) / Sturm, Peter (Autor:in)


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2008


    Format / Umfang :

    8 Seiten, 5 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 5 Quellen



    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch





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