Fuel cell vehicles profit from hybridization with electrical energy storage systems like batteries or supercapacitors. As batteries require DC/DC converters in order to connect them to a fuel cell system, and supercapacitors (which do not need a DC/DC converter for fuel cell connection) have significantly lower energy density than batteries, a system was investigated where the advantages of both types of electrical energy storage systems could be combined. The system consists of a series configuration of battery and supercapacitor, and it does not need a DC/DC converter, but it provides almost the energy density of a battery. The system was modeled and simulated, built and successfully tested in one of GM's HydroGen3 vehicles. Simulation and measurement data are in good agreement. It is proven that a battery can be coupled to a fuel cell stack without the need for a DC/DC converter. Pre-charging is achieved by a simple resistor. The capacitor does inherently limit the battery SOC swing to the desired range. Power flow occurs automatically due to the supercapacitor's voltage equalization currents. By implementing this approach, system savings in cost, mass and volume can be realized with the elimination of a large DC/DC converter for battery voltage adaptation. While the system's inherent voltage adaptation capability is similar to a purely supercapacitor based solution, the energy density is much higher and close to a battery based solution.
Fuel cell vehicle system utilizing a supercapacitor coupled hybrid battery
Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug mit einem mit einer Hybridbatterie gekoppelten Superkondensator
2006
8 Seiten, 8 Bilder, 3 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Datenträger
Englisch
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