Overhead presentation. In different Well-to-Wheel studies, such as by General Motors, L-B-Systemtechnik, Concawe or Eucar the efficiency methods is used. In this paper the treating of by-products (calculation of credits) is outlined. The Edatabase is a tool for modelling energy chains from well-to-wheel and enables the calculation of energy use, GHG emissions, air pollutant emissions and costs. The calculation algorithm is implemented only once in the program and is independent of the shape, size or complexity of a chain. Thus the user can concentrate on the empirical aspects of modelling. Examples of the Concawe/Eucar/JRC study, updated May 2006, are shown. The Well-to-tank (fuel) work was conducted by LB-Systemtechnik, the tank-to-wheel (vehicle) work performed by IFP. Fuels investigated were crude oil (gasoline, diesel), natural gas (CNG, methanol, DME, FT diesel, CGH2, LH2), electricity (renewable) (CGH2, LH2), fossile and nuclear electricity (CGH2, LH2), lignocellulosic biomass (CGH2, LH2, Methanol, DME, Ethanol, FT diesel), biomass from sugar beet or wheat (ethanol), biomass (from oilseeds) FAME, FAEE and biogas (compressed methane gas). Powertrains investigated were: port injection spark ignition, direct injection spark ignition, fuel processor fuel cell, direct injection compression ignition with diesel, particulate filter and fuel cell. Each powertrain was tested with and without hybridisation. It can be shown that well-to-tank analyses may result in different conclusions than well-to-wheel analyses. The advantage of FCVs versus ICEVs depends on the fuel supply chain and becomes obvious only in the well-to-wheel context. There is a clear advantage for hybrid ICE vehicles compared with non-hybrid ICE vehicles.


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    Titel :

    Bewertung von alternativen Kraftstoffen und Antrieben. Ergebnisse von Well-to-Wheel Analysen


    Beteiligte:


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2006


    Format / Umfang :

    14 Seiten, 14 Bilder, 2 Tabellen




    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch




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