Last century was the century of the IC engine (IC, Internal Combustion). It has an inherent capability of a very wide range of applications as for transportation and power generation, and as a result its territory has expanded enormously world-wide. Unfortunately, this expansion has resulted in a serious degradation of air quality, not only in local areas but also globally to an appreciable degree. There have been many endeavours to resolve this degradation since the mid-twentieth century, from both the side of exhaust emission control and technical improvement. This has resulted in a mutual interaction to favourably reduce pollutants emitted from engines. There is a lot of positive evidence of progress in engine technology, but it is necessary to further develop these technologies to realise really environment-friendly IC engines. Hydrogen, recognised as being the most clean fuel in the future, may be used in fuel-cell (FC) power plants for both transportation as well as stationary use. Such FC plants are expected to have a very high conversion efficiency with almost zero exhaust emission. For this reason, FC vehicles and other FC plants are currently under development. However, there are many obstacles to be solved for practical use, and it will take a long time to be used widely. It might be too optimistic for them to replace current IC engines soon. For this, further improvements should be sought through persistent efforts to achieve environment-friendly IC engines. The following measures for future low-emission diesel engines are characterised: Variable geometry turbochargers, EGR gas cooler (EGR, Exhaust Gas Recuperator), common-rail-systems (CRS), HCCI (Homogenous Chatge Compression Ignition). Devices that may be used for exhaust-gas treatment are oxidation catalysts, diesel particulate filters or DPF, and DeNOx catalysts. Alternative fuels for running diesel engines can be fatty acid dimethyl-ether (bio-diesel) and gas-to-liquid oil derived from natural gas and even from bio-mass. There may be a problem of using gaseous fuels for transportation with the use of hydrogen, the ultimate fuel of the future.


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    Titel :

    Combustion engines in future environments


    Weitere Titelangaben:

    Zukünftige Umweltanforderungen an Verbrennungsmotoren


    Erschienen in:

    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2004


    Format / Umfang :

    4 Seiten



    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch





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