Hydrogen as a vehicular fuel can be used as a pure fuel in internal combustion engines, as a mixture with the gasoline, or as a fuel to run a fuel cell system. At present, the infrastructure does not exist for a wide use of the hydrogen and it was shown that there is no clear benefit to use hydrogen for reduction of greenhouse gases unless it is used as a fuel for the fuel cell and the weight and efficiency of the cells are improved by further research and technology developments. Hydrogen containing no carbon has inherently no CO or CO2 emissions and on account of its very wide misfire limit can be operated as a very lean mixture to increase thermal efficiency. However, production of hydrogen emits CO2 to offset this benefit. The engine power is reduced if the mixture is prepared externally; however, direct injection will resolve this and the backfire problems. Hydrogen-fueled HEVs (hybrid electric vehicles) are also a viable solution to meet the stringent emission requirements and, in particula, the California SULEV (Super Ultra Low Emissions Vehicles) standard. One can imagine that in future electricity from renewable sources such as wind and solar cells generates hydrogen from water (i.e. reverse of the fuel cell) to power fuel cell vehicles with zero greenhouse gases and zero tailpipe emission of harmful pollutants. Therefore, hydrogen indeed appears to be the fuel of the future.
A review of hydrogen usage in vehicles: fuel cell, HEV-H2 internal combustion and mixture operation
Ein Überblick über Wasserstoffverwendung in Fahrzeugen: Brennstoffzelle, Hybridfahrzeuge mit Wasserstoff-Verbrennungsmotor und Betrieb mit Wasserstoff-Gemisch
2001
8 Seiten, 1 Bild, 7 Tabellen, 23 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
SAE Technical Papers | 2001
|93EL102 Hydrogen Combustion Engine with Internal Mixture Formation
British Library Conference Proceedings | 1993
|TIBKAT | 1992
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SAE Technical Papers | 1999
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