In this paper, research works which have focused on the problem of ground-borne vibrations induced by traffic loads, especially those by the trains, are reviewed. Historically, many different approaches have been adopted to analyze traffic-induced vibrations, including analytical approaches, field measurements, empirical prediction formulas, and numerical simulations. The relevant literature is separated into these four major categories and reviewed accordingly. In particular, remarks are made regarding the development of techniques for wave isolation. From the results obtained by means of analytical methods, it was known that if a train travels faster than the propagation speed of the ground vibration, a shock wave will be generated in the ground. This phenomenon should not be regarded merely as a mathematical result, but one which may actually arise due to the continuous increase of train speeds. For example, speeds over 500 km/hr have been achieved on an experimental track in France (Krylov, 1995). In May 1990, nine runs of TGV trains moving at over 500 km/hr or 138.8 m/s were conducted by the French Railway Company (SNCF) on a section of track between Courtalain and Tours. These speeds surpassed the speed of the Rayleigh waves in the soils. As a result, a significant radiation effect on the ground vibrations was visible in these areas, which led to restrictions on the speed for the TGV trains on that section of track (Dieterman and Metrikine, 1996). Measurements made by the railway companies in Switzerland (SBB), France (SNCF), Germany (DB), Netherlands (NS) and Great Britain (BR) have also confirmed hat the vertical movement of a track is amplified when a train moves at a speed on the order as the Rayleigh wave speed of the subsoil.
A review of researches on ground-borne vibrations with emphasis on those induced by trains
2001
16 Seiten, 10 Bilder, 73 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
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