Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are now used in multiple sectors for a vast array of purposes. These vehicles working in swarms can be used for reconnaissance, search and rescue, photography, and crop monitoring. In addition, the versatility of UAVs is highly utilized by several governments to play an integral role in the defense of a country. This survey paper provides a comprehensive study of the various advancements in the field of UAV swarms, such as Maximal Area Coverage, Path Planning, Intra-swarm collision avoidance, Obstacle avoidance, Formation of Swarms, Target tracking and Optimal resource allocation. An extensive study has been performed on each of these objectives, and an overview of the same has been consolidated from the year 2005–2024 in this survey. This study thoroughly examines the unique approaches used to accomplish the endeavors assigned to the UAV swarms. Moreover, the challenges and potential for future advancements in all the studies above have been highlighted. The research areas in the cutting-edge field of generative artificial intelligence have been clearly defined. This survey highlights significant advancements in UAV swarm technology over nearly two decades, focusing on key areas like coverage, path planning, and collision avoidance. It also outlines the challenges and future potential in integrating generative AI for further development.


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