Gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines have a well-known propensity to form intake valve deposits (IVD), regardless of operator service, engine architecture, or cylinder configuration. Due to the lack of a fuel-washing process that is typical of Port Fuel Injected (PFI) engines, the deposits steadily accumulate over time and can lead to deterioration in combustion, unstable operation, valve-sticking, or engine failure. Vehicles using these engines are often forced to undergo expensive maintenance to mechanically remove the deposits, which eventually re-form. The deposit formation process has not been well-characterized and there is no standardized engine test to study the impact of fuel or lubricant formulation variables. To meet this need, a proprietary vehicle-based GDI-IVD test that is both repeatable and responsive to chemistry has been developed. Using a vehicle equipped with a 2.0L turbo GDI engine, the mechanisms leading to deposit formation have been studied and analyzed, and found to be a combination of engine oil, engine-wear elements, unburned fuel, and exhaust gas contaminants. The rate of accumulation was also found to be affected by engine lubricant formulation variables.
Formation of Intake Valve Deposits in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines
Sae Int. J. Fuels Lubr
Sae International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants
SAE 2016 International Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting ; 2016
Sae International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants ; 9 , 3 ; 558-566
2016-10-17
9 pages
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Gasoline direct injection engines
TIBKAT | 2000
|Direct injection gasoline engines
TIBKAT | 2001
|Automotive gasoline direct-injection engines
TIBKAT | 2002
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