The growing threat of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea poses a direct threat to the economic and security interests of Nigeria and the entire West African region. With the largest population and economy in the region, Nigeria arguably stands to lose the most if the maritime security environment continues to decline, but the entire region will suffer as well. Major international powers like the United States and Europe are increasingly dependent on oil from the region, and the continued decline of maritime security holds that revenue stream, which is sorely needed for regional development, at risk. As evident by the rising maritime threat level in the region, no single nation has the capacity to unilaterally combat piracy and subsequently improve maritime security. Recent improvements in maritime security, both in the Malacca Strait and along Africa's East Coast, demonstrate how regional approaches can create opportunities for coastal regions to apply the principle of unity of effort through cooperation. This paper will show that these regional bodies share common lines of effort that improve maritime security by reducing the gaps in which pirates operate. Given the nature and extent of the current maritime security environment in the Gulf of Guinea, it is clear that a realistic strategy on the part of Nigeria and the other gulf nations must begin at the regional level.


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