In September of 1966, the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 1381) was signed into law in the United States. The Act specifies that the Secretary of Transportation shall establish appropriate Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards that would lead to the reduction of the number of deaths and injuries resulting from motor vehicle accidents. In prescribing standards, the Secretary was to consider: (1) relevant motor vehicle safety data, (2) whether the proposed standard is reasonable, practical, and appropriate for the particular type of motor vehicle equipment for which it is prescribed, and (3) the extent to which such standards contribute to carrying out the purposes of the Act. In order to meet the above requirements, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has been mandated to develop safety standards. For each proposed regulation, an extensive research program is undertaken to ensure that the proposed standard satisfies the requirements of the Act. For each test conducted for the agency, data is recorded from various transducers mounted to the test dummies or vehicles, high-speed films or videos are recorded to document the event, still pictures of the test setup are taken, and a written report is generated. Since 1978, these data have been loaded into a single data repository, where NHTSA staff and the public can access the data and conduct analysis.


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