In this work, a real-time energy management problem for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is proposed. The considered powertrain is built from a commercial HEV model. First, a non-linear optimal control problem under model predictive control scheme is formulated. The designed controller aims to generate the optimal power split and gear ratio schedule with respect to minimise the energy consumption of fuel and electricity. Moreover, the multiple shooting algorithm is introduced to decouple the dynamic constraints with the ability of avoiding the strong non-linearity while solving the optimisation problem. After that the optimisation problem is solved using sequential quadratic programming solver. Then, to evaluate the performance of the proposed real-time optimisation strategy on different traffic scenarios, the controller is applied to an adaptive cruise control (ACC) under connected environment. In this case, a solution of ACC with consideration of minimising energy consumption and maintaining string stability is provided. Finally, the proposed controller can be implemented in the traffic-in-the-loop platform without the knowledge of the predefined driving route. Simulations reveal that the proposed real-time control scheme shows great optimisation performance under the designed scenarios.
Real-time control algorithm for minimising energy consumption in parallel hybrid electric vehicles
IET Electrical Systems in Transportation ; 10 , 4 ; 331-340
2020-11-13
10 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
sequential quadratic programming solver , optimisation problem , commercial HEV model , energy management systems , optimisation performance , optimal control , real-time optimisation strategy , considered powertrain , predictive control , real-time control scheme , real-time systems , optimal power split , hybrid electric vehicles , adaptive control , multiple shooting algorithm , string stability , energy consumption , traffic-in-the-loop platform , power transmission (mechanical) , power consumption , adaptive cruise control , model predictive control scheme , gear ratio schedule , parallel hybrid electric vehicle , real-time control algorithm , nonlinear optimal control problem , optimisation , real-time energy management problem
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