Abstract The review considers modern research and development in bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) for crewed spacecrafts, summarizes the information obtained in scientific research in this field, evaluates of current status of the astronaut life support problems, frames unsolved questions and determines areas for future study. This review shows that the most promising life support systems include phototrophic microorganisms which can be used to create carbon, oxygen and nitrogen cycles within one system, which, in turn, allows reducing the level of resupplied and/or stored stocks of resources and, therefore, total crewed expedition cost. However, there are still a number of issues that require additional research, and foremost it is a long-term large-scale microorganisms cultivation under the influence of significant stress factors like cosmic radiation, microgravity/weightlessness, low atmospheric pressure and high CO2 concentrations, whether it is a circumlunar/lunar space station or Mars expedition.
Highlights Bioregenerative LSS for long-time expedition are discussed. Prospects for the use of certain types of phototrophic microorganisms in LSS are considered. The influence of space expedition stress factors on phototrophic microorganisms is summarized. Areas for additional research to create reliable bioregenerative LSS are identified.
Phototrophic microorganisms in bioregenerative life support systems for long-term crewed expeditions: Prospects and challenges
Acta Astronautica ; 211 ; 518-538
2023-07-04
21 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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