Highlights Transfer the insights on the rather special situation/observation of moving bottleneck to the ubiquitous case of fixed bottleneck. The role of stochasticity: Intra-driver stochasticity is needed to describe the phenomena. The nature of the goodness-of-fit (microscopic or macroscopic) should reflect the nature of the observations to be calibrated. The high-quality data in itself can be used to test traffic flow models and theories.
Abstract This paper aims to address a simple but fundamental question, how the traffic oscillations grow along the road. Firstly, we conduct an empirical study on the growth pattern of traffic oscillations on US-101 Freeway and German-A5 Freeway. Then we perform an experiment to study the growth pattern of traffic oscillations on a single lane with a fixed bottleneck of speed limit. Both empirical and experimental results show that traffic oscillations grow in a concave way along the road. This finding is consistent with the previous one that traffic oscillations grow concavely along the platoon following a slower leader taking on the role of a moving bottleneck, which is not to be expected a priori for a fixed bottleneck. Finally, we use the finding to test three typical car-following models. The test indicates that whereas the intelligent driver model (IDM) fails to reproduce the observed growth pattern, the 2D-IDM and the stochastic speed adaptation model could. These findings are expected to improve our understanding of the role of stochasticity in car following, and the high-quality data in itself can be used to test traffic flow models and theories.
Empirical and experimental study on the growth pattern of traffic oscillations upstream of fixed bottleneck and model test
2022-05-10
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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