Highlights Almost all autonomous farm vehicles have velocity of smaller than 1m/s. A centimeter level accuracy in reviewed navigation techniques is available. More future works are required on autonomous vehicles.
Abstract With the predicted increase in world population to over 10 billion, by the year 2050, growth in agricultural output needs to be continued. Considering this, autonomous vehicles application in precision agriculture is one of the main issues to be regarded noteworthy to improve the efficiency. In this research many papers on autonomous farm vehicles are reviewed from navigation systems viewpoint. All navigation systems are categorized in six classes: dead reckoning, image processing, statistical based developed algorithms, fuzzy logic control, neural network and genetic algorithm, and Kalman filter based. Researches in many agricultural operations from water monitoring to aerial crop scouting revealed that the centimeter level accuracy in all techniques is available and the velocity range for evaluated autonomous vehicles almost is smaller than 1m/s. Finally it would be concluded although many developments in agricultural automation using different techniques and algorithms are obtained especially in recent years, more works are required to acquire farmer’s consensus about autonomous vehicles. Additionally some issues such as safety, economy, implement standardization and technical service support in the entire world are merit to consideration.
A technical review on navigation systems of agricultural autonomous off-road vehicles
Journal of Terramechanics ; 50 , 3 ; 211-232
2013-03-15
22 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
4WS , Four Wheels Steering , AD , Analogue to Digital , BP , Back Propagation , CCD , Charge Coupled Device , EKF , Extended Kalman Filter , FOG , Fiber Optic Gyroscope , FOV , Field-of-View , GA , Genetic Algorithm , GDS , Geomagnetic Direction Sensor , GIS , Geographic Information System , IMU , Inertial Measurement Unit , LADAR , Laser Radar , LED , Light Emitting Diode , LIDAR , Light Detection And Ranging , LSM , Least Square Method , NIR , Near Infra-Red , NN , Neural Network , PID , Proportional–Integral–Differential , PWM , Pulse Width Modulation , RF , Radio Frequency , RGB , Red–Green–Blue , RMSE , Root Mean Square Error , RTK-GPS , Real Time Kinematic-Global Positioning System , Autonomous , Navigation , Machine vision , Robot , Kalman filter
A technical review on navigation systems of agricultural autonomous off-road vehicles
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