Highlights The pedestrians’ violating crossing behavior intentions were studied by applying and expanding the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Instrumental attitude and subjective norm were significant in the TPB model. Instrumental attitude, descriptive norm and conformity tendency were significant in the extended TPB model. Safety education programs and campaigns focusing on changing people's instrumental attitude and enhancing social norms would help to reduce pedestrians’ road crossing violations.
Abstract This paper aimed to examine pedestrians’ self-reported violating crossing behavior intentions by applying the theory of planned behavior (TPB). We studied the behavior intentions regarding instrumental attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, the three basic components of TPB, and extended the theory by adding new factors including descriptive norm, perceived risk and conformity tendency to evaluate their respective impacts on pedestrians’ behavior intentions. A questionnaire presented with a scenario that pedestrians crossed the road violating the pedestrian lights at an intersection was designed, and the survey was conducted in Dalian, China. Based on the 260 complete and valid responses, reliability and validity of the data for each question was evaluated. The data were then analyzed by using the structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that people had a negative attitude toward the behavior of violating road-crossing rules; they perceived social influences from their family and friends; and they believed that this kind of risky behavior would potentially harm them in a traffic accident. The results also showed that instrumental attitude and subjective norm were significant in the basic TPB model. After adding descriptive norm, subjective norm was no more significant. Other models showed that conformity tendency was a strong predictor, indicating that the presence of other pedestrians would influence behavioral intention. The findings could help to design more effective interventions and safety campaigns, such as changing people's attitude toward this violation behavior, correcting the social norms, increasing their safety awareness, etc. in order to reduce pedestrians’ road crossing violations.
An extension of the theory of planned behavior to predict pedestrians’ violating crossing behavior using structural equation modeling
Accident Analysis and Prevention ; 95 ; 417-424
2015-09-12
8 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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